The English Revolution

Name: Date:

Period:

The English Revolution

1. Go to this website:

http://www.kingston.gov.uk/browse/leisure/museum/museum_exhibitions/artfund100/traders_tokens.htm

What are Traders' Tokens?

2. The Third Civil War Timeline

http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/timelines/civil-war-3.htm

After Charles I is executed the Third Civil War erupts. When was Charles II proclaimed King of Scotland in Edinburgh?

When does Charles II escape to France?

3. Cromwell in Ireland

The English Civil Wars ended up being fought not only in England, but they were wars between England and Scotland and England and Ireland. Oliver Cromwell led a campaign through Ireland that has not been forgotten.

Read this article about Cromwell in Ireland and answer the questions:

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/civilwar/ireland.pdf

1. Look at Sources 3, 4 and 5 what do they agree about?

2. What do they disagree about?

3. Which is the most reliable of the three sources? Decide for each Source: was the author an eye-witness and whether the author had any reason for lying.

4. What reasons does Cromwell give for the slaughter?

5. What were the aims of Cromwell’s expedition to Ireland?

6. From what you now know about Cromwell and events in Ireland do you think that he was justified in his actions and why? Remember to look at the rules of warfare.

4 More about Cromwell.

Read this article and answer the questions:

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/civilwar/Cromwellheroorvillain.pdf

Answer the questions below in full sentences

1. Using the first paragraph, explain how historians have changed their opinions of Cromwell. (2 interpretations).

2. Why do you think Cromwell took the New Model Army to Ireland? (2 reasons).

3. What did Cromwell do to the Catholic rebels in Drogheda?

4. In your opinion, should Cromwell have treated the rebels so harshly? (Explain with evidence)

5. Which relation of the King caused trouble for Cromwell? How did he deal with the trouble?

6. Why were some MPs now allowed in Parliament?

7. What had the MPs of the new Commonwealth done that was so wrong?

8. What did Cromwell do in 1653?

9. What were Cromwell’s actions of 1653 similar to - what did it probably remind people of?

10. When Cromwell refused to become King, why did some people call him greedy?

11. How would Cromwell’s supporters have answered anyone calling Cromwell greedy?

12. Create a diagram with illustrations showing all the things that were banned under Cromwell’s rule.

13. Do you think Cromwell was a hero or a villain? Explain

5. After the execution of the King, they had some big choices to make!

Read this and answer the question:

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/civilwar/howgoverned.pdf

Which one would you choose to support? Why? Explain.

6. At this time, people in England loved Cromwell! Find out what he does!

England Without a King

Read this article and answer the questions.

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/civilwar/cromwell.pdf

Questions

1. Who was chosen to be the Protector?

2. Why was a Protector needed? Why do you think Oliver Cromwell

refused to be called king?

3. What were some of the things the Puritans did not like people doing?

4. Look at the cartoon, what do you think it is about?

5. Who do you think is the man in the middle?

6. Explain why the puritans would have supported the attack on Spain.

7. Imagine you are one of the MPs who had complained about King Charles in 1640, what do you feel in 1656? Use the 3 categories (money, power and religion) to explain your answer.

7. If you’d like to learn more about Cromwell, try this site:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/cromwell_01.shtml

8. What was it like to live in England under Cromwell’s rule? Read the paragraph to find out!

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/civilwar/sen/MeetthePuritans.pdf

The Puritans sure changed a lot of things! What would have you upset the most? Why?

9. After Cromwell died, the people of England were ready for another change! They decided that maybe the kings weren’t so bad after all….. Read about Charles II and answer the questions:

Charles II

http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/biog/charles2.htm

How old was Charles II when the First Civil War started?
How did he escape after the Third Civil War?
The time period when the Stuart family was returned to the throne of England, and Charles II became the new king, is called the “Restoration.”
When did he return as the new king of England?
The article calls the Restoration a “distinctive period in British history,” why?

10. In 1666, there was a major fire that destroyed much of London. Look at these websites to learn more about it.

Images of London before and after the fire of 1666

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/launch_ani_fire_london.shtml

More on the rebuilding of London after the fire is at:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/after_fire_01.shtml

A site about the fire of London

http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/fire/index.html

http://www.luminarium.org/encyclopedia/greatfire.htm

11. In 1665, a plague struck London killing about 100,000 people. Look at these sites to learn more about it:

A site about the plague

http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/plague/index.html

This site is a diary. Read some of the entries to find out first-hand what London was like:

http://www.pepysdiary.com/

12. Charles II died without any children who could inherit the throne. His brother, James became the new king of England and is called James II. James II was Catholic, and really not very popular (he had a few too many of his father’s, Charles I, tendencies.) Parliament tried to wait him out (they figured he’d die soon enough,) but then he had son! James planned on raising his son as a Catholic, who could inherit the throne! Parliament decided to act, and the events that followed became known as the Glorious Revolution.

Read this article and answer the question.

Glorious Revolution Worksheet

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/making/1688Revolution.PDF

Do you think Parliament made a good choice in inviting William and Mary to rule? Why or why not?

13, The Diggers were a group that really wanted to change England! Read this article to learn more about them!

http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/glossary/diggers.htm

What did the Diggers want?

What did they do?

14. The Levellers also wanted to change things! But they were different than the Diggers! Look at April 16, 1649, to find out what John Lilburne says:

http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/timelines/1649.htm

Why does he not like the term, “Levellers?”

Then, read this article about the Levellers:

http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/glossary/levellers.htm

What did the Levellers want?

Extra:

Remember, remember, the 5^th of November! Ever wonder what the 5^th of November is? Or who is that guy, Guy Fawkes? Read here to find out:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/gunpowder_robinson_01.shtml

If you’re done, you can play some of these games to see what you’ve learned so far:

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/games/fling/england1660-1714/

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/games/walk/walk_stuarts.html

http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/games/penaltyshootout/civilwar.htm